Taliban's seizure of Kabul on Sunday ( August 15) officially established the supremacy of the Taliban as a towering national power in Afghanistan. From now on the republic of Afghanistan's nomenclature will be declared as an Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA). The past experience of India with the Taliban is of heightened terrorism and a serious national security threat. India's strategic community and institutional memory of the Kashmir Jihad in the 1990s, bomb blasts and terror attacks across the country have left the deep scars of conflict trauma, in which the Pakistani deep state and elements of Taliban were directly involved. But 20 years down the line, the situation, circumstances and conflict dynamics in Afghan-Taliban have significantly changed. Their geopolitical, military and diplomatic manoeuvring has become quite refined and sophisticated at the outset. However rudimentary and primitive their internal affairs might be, their effects and impact on international...